Help Debugging Code

[Dego]

Hi there,

This is my first effort to write some Macro Express Code.

I had the code working ( code below)

<WINDOW ACTIVATE Title="- MediaMonkey" Exact_Match="FALSE" Wildcards="FALSE" _IGNORE="0x0006"/>
<DELAY Flags="\x01" Time="1"/>
<CLIPBOARD COPY/>
<IF FOLDER EXISTS Path="C:\\Users\\desmo\\Desktop\\Music Library 2018\\Classical"/>
<OPEN FOLDER Path="C:\\Users\\desmo\\Desktop\\Music Library 2018\\Classical"/>
<DELAY Flags="\x01" Time="2"/>
<CLIPBOARD PASTE/>
<WINDOW CLOSE Option="\x01" Title="Classical" Partial="FALSE" Wildcards="FALSE" _IGNORE="0x0006"/>
<DATE/TIME Format="dd/MM/yyyy HH:MM" Flags="\xB0" Date="25/12/2018 22:29:25" Day_Offset="0" Month_Offset="0" Year_Offset="0" Hour_Offset="0" Minute_Offset="0" Second_Offset="0" Left="Center" Top="Center" Monitor="0" Variable="%T3%" IsDateVar="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x02" Destination="%T1%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x00" Destination="%T2%" Value="   - Moved to Classical Folder" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x00" Destination="%T1%" Value="%T1%  %T2% %T3%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY STRING Option="\x10" Destination="%T1%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<CLIPBOARD APPEND TEXT Filename="C:\\Users\\desmo\\Desktop\\Music Sorting Log.txt" Prompt="FALSE"/>
<TEXT BOX DISPLAY Title="File Moved" Content="{\\rtf1\\ansi\\ansicpg1252\\deff0\\deflang2057{\\fonttbl{\\f0\\fnil\\fcharset0 Tahoma;}{\\f1\\fnil Tahoma;}}\r\n\\viewkind4\\uc1\\pard\\f0\\fs24 File has been moved to \\b Classical Folder \r\n\\par \\b0\\f1\\fs16 \r\n\\par }\r\n" Left="Center" Top="Center" Width="278" Height="200" Monitor="0" OnTop="FALSE" Keep_Focus="TRUE" Mode="\x01" Delay="3"/>
<DELAY Flags="\x01" Time="1"/>
<ELSE/>
<TEXT BOX DISPLAY Title="Folder Does Not Exist" Content="{\\rtf1\\ansi\\ansicpg1252\\deff0\\deflang2057{\\fonttbl{\\f0\\fnil\\fcharset0 Tahoma;}{\\f1\\fnil Tahoma;}}\r\n\\viewkind4\\uc1\\pard\\f0\\fs28 Folder Does Not Exist\\f1\\fs16 \r\n\\par }\r\n" Left="Center" Top="Center" Width="278" Height="200" Monitor="0" OnTop="FALSE" Keep_Focus="TRUE" Mode="\x01" Delay="3"/>
<DELAY Flags="\x01" Time="5"/>
<END IF/>

But then I have added some extra code to  ensure that the Clipboard paste has copied the file correctly, and everything has gone haywire. (amended code below).

I have tried stepping through the code but it appears that the Clipboard copy is not copying the single line I have selected in mediamonkey (as it was in the code above) but all the files in the Mediamonkey window. when I do it manually it just copies the single line. For the life of me I have no idea what is going on here. and I am not sure if I have constructed my IF ELSE END IF correctly.

Any Help would be greatly appreciated

<WINDOW ACTIVATE Title="- MediaMonkey" Exact_Match="FALSE" Wildcards="FALSE" _IGNORE="0x0006"/>
<DELAY Flags="\x01" Time="1"/>
<CLIPBOARD COPY/>
<IF FOLDER EXISTS Path="C:\\Users\\desmo\\Desktop\\Music Library 2018\\Classical"/>
<OPEN FOLDER Path="C:\\Users\\desmo\\Desktop\\Music Library 2018\\Classical"/>
<DELAY Flags="\x01" Time="2"/>
<CLIPBOARD PASTE/>
<WINDOW CLOSE Option="\x01" Title="Classical" Partial="FALSE" Wildcards="FALSE" _IGNORE="0x0006"/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x02" Destination="%T4%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<IF FILE EXISTS File="%T4%" Search_Path="FALSE"/>
<DATE/TIME Format="dd/MM/yyyy HH:MM" Flags="\xB0" Date="25/12/2018 22:29:25" Day_Offset="0" Month_Offset="0" Year_Offset="0" Hour_Offset="0" Minute_Offset="0" Second_Offset="0" Left="Center" Top="Center" Monitor="0" Variable="%T3%" IsDateVar="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x02" Destination="%T1%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x00" Destination="%T2%" Value="   - Moved to Classical Folder" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x00" Destination="%T1%" Value="%T1%  %T2% %T3%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY STRING Option="\x10" Destination="%T1%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<CLIPBOARD APPEND TEXT Filename="C:\\Users\\desmo\\Desktop\\Music Sorting Log.txt" Prompt="FALSE"/>
<TEXT BOX DISPLAY Title="File Moved" Content="{\\rtf1\\ansi\\ansicpg1252\\deff0\\deflang2057{\\fonttbl{\\f0\\fnil\\fcharset0 Tahoma;}{\\f1\\fnil Tahoma;}}\r\n\\viewkind4\\uc1\\pard\\f0\\fs24 File has been moved to \\b Classical Folder \r\n\\par \\b0\\f1\\fs16 \r\n\\par }\r\n" Left="Center" Top="Center" Width="278" Height="200" Monitor="0" OnTop="FALSE" Keep_Focus="TRUE" Mode="\x01" Delay="3"/>
<DELAY Flags="\x01" Time="5"/>
<ELSE/>
<TEXT BOX DISPLAY Title="File Was Not Copied" Content="{\\rtf1\\ansi\\ansicpg1252\\deff0\\deflang2057{\\fonttbl{\\f0\\fnil\\fcharset0 Tahoma;}{\\f1\\fnil Tahoma;}}\r\n\\viewkind4\\uc1\\pard\\f0\\fs24 %T4%\r\n\\par Was not copied to target Folder\\f1\\fs16 \r\n\\par }\r\n" Left="Center" Top="Center" Width="278" Height="200" Monitor="0" OnTop="FALSE" Keep_Focus="TRUE" Mode="\x01" Delay="3"/>
<END IF/>
<ELSE/>
<TEXT BOX DISPLAY Title="Folder Does Not Exist" Content="{\\rtf1\\ansi\\ansicpg1252\\deff0\\deflang2057{\\fonttbl{\\f0\\fnil\\fcharset0 Tahoma;}{\\f1\\fnil Tahoma;}}\r\n\\viewkind4\\uc1\\pard\\f0\\fs28 Folder Does Not Exist\\f1\\fs16 \r\n\\par }\r\n" Left="Center" Top="Center" Width="278" Height="200" Monitor="0" OnTop="FALSE" Keep_Focus="TRUE" Mode="\x01" Delay="3"/>
<DELAY Flags="\x01" Time="2"/>
<END IF _BREAKPOINT="TRUE"/>

 

[rberq]

What do you mean when you say you had the macro working, but then found out it isn't working?  Do you simply mean it was running from beginning to end without any obvious errors?  Or do you mean it was actually, successfully copying the file?  

When setting up Macro Express, one of the "Preferences" is a clipboard delay time -- that is, how long Macro Express waits for a clipboard function to finish.  Insufficient time can easily be a problem with clipboard commands.  Insert a few seconds' delay right after the CLIPBOARD COPY and the CLIPBOARD PASTE commands, and see if that make the macro work.  If so, you have found the problem.  You won't want to leave such long delays in the macro permanently, but there are less-drastic ways to deal with the timing issue, if that's what it is.  

I'm not familiar with MediaMonkey, so some explanation or screen shots of what you are doing might be helpful.   

[acantor]

It sounds like you're off to a good start. But now things are going awry. That's normal!

It might be helpful to slow down and take things one step at a time.

The best place to start: the version of the macro that was actually working.

Test it several times to ensure that your script actually works reliably.

Once you become convinced that it's doing everything that you expect, start adding refinements.

At this stage of macro development, I find it helpful to add one line of code at a time – or one small section of code. Then test, test, test.

If, or should I say, when the script fails, you can either try to track down the source and repair the mess, go back to an earlier version, or some combination of the two. It's up to you. If you don't close the Scripting Editor while developing a macro, you can use Macro Express's Undo feature as a Time Machine to return to an earlier state of the script.

Sometimes, the best way forward is to scrap everything and start from scratch!

[terrypin]

Hi Desmond,

I would happily try to help you get your macro working, but to be frank I'm not clear why you need one? Unless I've misunderstood your objective (not that rare!) surely MM can do that automatically itself with a few clicks and keystrokes?

You say "I have a very large library of poorly tagged Audio files. So what I have to do is use an app called MediaMonkey to listen to the track, from there I can..." To tag that track, having listened to it briefly, how are you currently proceeding in MM? And is it just Genre you want to assign? Artist? Title? Album, etc? Location?

As @rberg says, more detail is needed.

Terry, East Grinstead, UK

[Dego]

Hi Terrypin,

thanks for your reply

I have just had a play with MM and they is a way to copy/move files but it is long-winded as you have to navigate down to where the folder is located (6 levels) and there does not appear to be a shortcut method. I cannot use the automated function that  sorts files into folder based on the value of the genre tags as it is either inaccurate or non existent.

So for speed I think a macro is the best way to go.

I had a post from MDoverman suggesting -

You should be able to use a multiple choice menu or Variable set string in your macro to ask you to select what genre you want which will put your choice in a variable that can be used later in your macro to put the file in the correct folder.

But RBerq gives this advice

If you use either of these methods, I would recommend NOT having the macro ask you for the name of the destination folder.  Instead, just hard code the destination into the macro, and clone the macro for each possible destination.  Use different hot keys for each macro, for example CTRL-ALT-c for classical, CTRL-ALT-j for jazz, etc. 

So I am a bit confused

What are the pros and cons of the two different approaches?

your help is much appreciated.

Regards

Desmond

 

 

[terrypin]

Hi Desmond,

Tell me exactly what you want to do. IOW, where you are starting (with a screenshot of MM at that point), and the steps you want to achieve. I don't understand what you mean by "I cannot use the automated function that  sorts files into folder based on the value of the genre tags as it is either inaccurate or non existent.". It works OK  here.

I'm going out right now (Wednesday 26 December 2018, 1813) and should be able to get back on the case late tomorrow morning.

Terry, East Grinstead, UK

[Dego]

4 hours ago, terrypin said:

Hi Desmond,

Tell me exactly what you want to do. IOW, where you are starting (with a screenshot of MM at that point), and the steps you want to achieve. I don't understand what you mean by "I cannot use the automated function that  sorts files into folder based on the value of the genre tags as it is either inaccurate or non existent.". It works OK  here.

I'm going out right now (Wednesday 26 December 2018, 1813) and should be able to get back on the case late tomorrow morning.

Terry, East Grinstead, UK

Hi Terry,

 

The process i am referring to is the the Auto Organise Files facility accessed by selecting Track/Tracks and left clicking. this then allows you to set the parameters for how you wish the files and folders to be organised based in the information in the tags.

So in the example below shows the process would look at the Genre Tag and based on that create the folder if it does not exist in this case (R&B) it would rename the file in this case based on the Artist and Title tags. It is very powerful but it is reliant on the tags being accurate and in my case they are if they exist.

I have a large volume of music files (30,000+) so my starting point is to use the preview function in MM to quickly listen to the track and decide the appropriate genre folder it should go  into hopefully using the macro. I'm almost there with the macro.

Only thing left to do is check at the end of the macro if the file has actually been copy to the chosen genre folder.

Maybe you can help? I need to separate the extract the filename from the path(below). So it some sort of string manipulation, could you point me in the right direction?

C:\Users\desmo\Desktop\Holder\08. Lonely's The Only Company (I & II).mp3

I am after 08. Lonely's The Only Company (I & II).mp3

Right at the bottom is screen shot of my starting point in MM. The macro is initiated and copies (Clipboard Copy) the selected track.

Manually I would do an Ctrl+Control navigate to the target folder and then Ctrl+V

I also put a screenshot of where i am up to with the code. My plan is to have a copy of the code for each genre and use menu builder.

Reason I did this way is that I will be presented with all the available genres/sub-genres which could be up to 50.

Sorry I not that great at explaining things, hope this gives you have a picture of how it works, and why I am taking the approach that I am, but I am always open to suggestion.

 

 

 

[terrypin]

Hi Desmond,

I see you have three threads open discussing essentially the same request. Here I'll stay with my suggestion about avoiding a macro entirely and doing it quickly in MM itself. Same proviso I made before, namely that I may have misunderstood your objective.

After the actions shown in the screenshots below, and clicking OK, the track is moved to the new folder under \My Music\Genre.

Is that what you want?

 

[terrypin]

If you do want to use a macro, here is the outstanding section you need:

// Extract the FILENAME from full path & filename.
// Earlier parts of macro would already have the string variable Input, so next variable Set String command would be redundant.
Variable Set String %Input% to "C:\Users\desmo\Desktop\Holder\08. Lonely's The Only Company (I & II).mp3"
// Change the variable name to match requirement.
Variable Set Integer %Length% to the length of variable %Input%
Repeat Start (Repeat %Length% times)
  Variable Modify String: Copy a substring in %Input%, starting at %Index% and 1 characters long to %Char%
  Variable Modify String %Output%: Append Text String Variable (%Char%)
End Repeat
Variable Set Integer %nPosReversed% to the position of "\" in %Output%
Variable Modify Integer: %nPos% = %Length% - %nPosReversed%
Variable Modify Integer %nPos%: Increment
Variable Modify String %Input%: Delete a substring starting at 1 and %nPos% characters long
Text Box Display: Result // Disable this when satisfied.
// Proceed with rest of macro.

<COMMENT Value="Extract the FILENAME from full path & filename."/>
<COMMENT Value="Earlier parts of macro would already have the string variable Input, so next variable Set String command would be redundant."/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x00" Destination="%Input%" Value="C:\\Users\\desmo\\Desktop\\Holder\\08. Lonely's The Only Company (I & II).mp3" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<COMMENT Value="Change the variable name to match requirement."/>
<VARIABLE SET INTEGER Option="\x0D" Destination="%Length%" Text_Variable="%Input%"/>
<REPEAT START Start="%Length%" Step="-1" Count="%Length%" Save="TRUE" Variable="%Index%"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY STRING Option="\x09" Destination="%Char%" Variable="%Input%" Start="%Index%" Count="1" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY STRING Option="\x07" Destination="%Output%" Variable="%Char%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<END REPEAT/>
<VARIABLE SET INTEGER Option="\x0E" Destination="%nPosReversed%" Text_Variable="%Output%" Text="\\" Ignore_Case="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY INTEGER Option="\x01" Destination="%nPos%" Value1="%Length%" Value2="%nPosReversed%"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY INTEGER Option="\x07" Destination="%nPos%"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY STRING Option="\x0A" Destination="%Input%" Start="1" Count="%nPos%"/>
<TEXT BOX DISPLAY Title="Result" Content="{\\rtf1\\ansi\\ansicpg1252\\deff0\\deflang1033{\\fonttbl{\\f0\\fnil\\fcharset0 Tahoma;}{\\f1\\fnil Tahoma;}}\r\n\\viewkind4\\uc1\\pard\\f0\\fs16 %Input%\r\n\\par \r\n\\par \r\n\\par \r\n\\par \r\n\\par \r\n\\par \r\n\\par \\f1 \r\n\\par \r\n\\par }\r\n" Left="Center" Top="Center" Width="278" Height="200" Monitor="0" OnTop="TRUE" Keep_Focus="TRUE" Mode="\x00" Delay="0" _COMMENT="Disable this when satisfied."/>
<COMMENT Value="Proceed with rest of macro."/>

Terry, East Grinstead, UK

[Dego]

Thanks Terry

I will give it a go and see how I get on. I will still finish the macro and then compare and see which method is most efficient.

Thanks again for all your help

Desmond

 

[Dego]

Hi Terry

Quick question how do I get the code into the script editor? When I cut and paste it I get the result below and it does not run.

 

[terrypin]

HI Desmond,

The first section of code (which is what you appear to have copy/pasted) is the Command Text. That's what it looks like when you view it in the Script Editor. I included it so that its purpose could be better understood.

You need the second section, which is the underlying script code itself.

BTW, that was my first quick take on how to split off the part you want. It works fine, even though a bit inelegant. That's because I chose to reverse the string, to get the last separator to become the first.

Terry, East Grinstead, UK

[Dego]

Understood

Thanks Terry for you help time and patience

Regards

Desmond

[Dego]

Hi Terry,

I have incorporated your code but have a strange issue. I have attached an image which shows the value of %T4% as being 

C:\Users\desmo\Desktop\Music Library 2018\Classical\01 - New Killer Joe.mp3

When T4 is used in the code It fails the IF Exist Statement even though the file exist and when I hard code the file name the it works fine.

Am I doing something wrong?

Regards

Desmond

 

 

 

[terrypin]

Hi Desmond,

What is the sub-folder C:\Users\desmo\Desktop\Music Library\Holder \ and should it have that space?

Is that the only value of T4 that fails, or is this issue occurring with all values?

What is on the clipboard at line 21 and 23 of the extract you've shown in your screenshot?

Please post all your code (not as an image).

I recommend you generously intersperse Text Box Display commands showing your variables at key points when debugging.

Terry, East Grinstead, UK

[Dego]

Here is the code

I will now put Text boxes in the code. I don't think I have a problem with

C:\Users\desmo\Desktop\Music Library\Holder \ which is the copy folder its the paste one it the 

C:\Users\desmo\Desktop\Music Library 2018\Classical\01 - New Killer Joe.mp3 folder

 

Code below

 

<WINDOW ACTIVATE Title="- MediaMonkey" Exact_Match="FALSE" Wildcards="FALSE" _IGNORE="0x0006"/>
<CLIPBOARD COPY/>
<DELAY Flags="\x01" Time="1"/>
<COMMENT Value="Extract the FILENAME from full path & filename."/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x02" Destination="%Input%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE SET INTEGER Option="\x0D" Destination="%Length%" Text_Variable="%Input%"/>
<REPEAT START Start="%Length%" Step="-1" Count="%Length%" Save="TRUE" Variable="%Index%"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY STRING Option="\x09" Destination="%Char%" Variable="%Input%" Start="%Index%" Count="1" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY STRING Option="\x07" Destination="%Output%" Variable="%Char%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<END REPEAT/>
<VARIABLE SET INTEGER Option="\x0E" Destination="%nPosReversed%" Text_Variable="%Output%" Text="\\" Ignore_Case="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY INTEGER Option="\x01" Destination="%nPos%" Value1="%Length%" Value2="%nPosReversed%"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY INTEGER Option="\x07" Destination="%nPos%"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY STRING Option="\x0A" Destination="%Input%" Start="1" Count="%nPos%"/>
<TEXT BOX DISPLAY Title="Result" Content="{\\rtf1\\ansi\\ansicpg1252\\deff0\\deflang1033{\\fonttbl{\\f0\\fnil\\fcharset0 Tahoma;}{\\f1\\fnil Tahoma;}}\r\n\\viewkind4\\uc1\\pard\\f0\\fs16 %Input%\r\n\\par \r\n\\par \r\n\\par \r\n\\par \r\n\\par \r\n\\par \r\n\\par \\f1 \r\n\\par \r\n\\par }\r\n" Left="Center" Top="Center" Width="278" Height="200" Monitor="0" OnTop="TRUE" Keep_Focus="TRUE" Mode="\x00" Delay="0" _ENABLED="FALSE" _COMMENT="Disable this when satisfied."/>
<COMMENT Value="Proceed with rest of macro."/>
<OPEN FOLDER Path="C:\\Users\\desmo\\Desktop\\Music Library 2018\\Classical"/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x00" Destination="%T4%" Value="C:\\Users\\desmo\\Desktop\\Music Library 2018\\Classical\\" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x00" Destination="%T4%" Value="%T4%%Input%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<DELAY Flags="\x01" Time="1"/>
<CLIPBOARD PASTE/>
<WINDOW CLOSE Option="\x01" Title="Classical" Partial="FALSE" Wildcards="FALSE" _IGNORE="0x0006"/>
<DATE/TIME Format="dd/MM/yyyy HH:MM" Flags="\xB0" Date="25/12/2018 22:29:25" Day_Offset="0" Month_Offset="0" Year_Offset="0" Hour_Offset="0" Minute_Offset="0" Second_Offset="0" Left="Center" Top="Center" Monitor="0" Variable="%T3%" IsDateVar="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x02" Destination="%T1%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x00" Destination="%T2%" Value="   - Moved to Classical Folder" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE SET STRING Option="\x00" Destination="%T1%" Value="%T1%  %T2% %T3%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<VARIABLE MODIFY STRING Option="\x10" Destination="%T1%" NoEmbeddedVars="FALSE"/>
<IF FILE EXISTS File="C:\\Users\\desmo\\Desktop\\Music Library 2018\\Classical\\01 - New Killer Joe.mp3" Search_Path="FALSE"/>
<CLIPBOARD APPEND TEXT Filename="C:\\Users\\desmo\\Desktop\\Music Sorting Log.txt" Prompt="FALSE"/>
<TEXT BOX DISPLAY Title="File Copied Sucessfully" Content="{\\rtf1\\ansi\\ansicpg1252\\deff0\\deflang2057{\\fonttbl{\\f0\\fnil\\fcharset0 Tahoma;}{\\f1\\fnil Tahoma;}}\r\n\\viewkind4\\uc1\\pard\\f0\\fs24 File has been moved to \\b Classical Folder \r\n\\par \\b0\\f1\\fs16 \r\n\\par }\r\n" Left="Center" Top="Center" Width="278" Height="200" Monitor="0" OnTop="FALSE" Keep_Focus="TRUE" Mode="\x01" Delay="3"/>
<DELAY Flags="\x01" Time="3"/>
<ELSE/>
<TEXT BOX DISPLAY Title="File Copy Failed" Content="{\\rtf1\\ansi\\ansicpg1252\\deff0\\deflang2057{\\fonttbl{\\f0\\fnil\\fcharset0 Tahoma;}{\\f1\\fnil Tahoma;}}\r\n\\viewkind4\\uc1\\pard\\f0\\fs24 The file copy \\b Failed \\b0 please check and retry\\b \r\n\\par \\b0\\f1\\fs16 \r\n\\par }\r\n" Left="Center" Top="Center" Width="278" Height="200" Monitor="0" OnTop="FALSE" Keep_Focus="TRUE" Mode="\x01" Delay="3"/>
<DELAY Flags="\x01" Time="5"/>
<END IF/>
 

[Dego]

Hi Terry

I manage to sort it

Line 19 I put a space between The %T4$%%Input% now %T4$% %Input%

Thanks again for all your help

Regards

Desmond

 

[terrypin]

Pleased to hear you fixed it - well done!

If you also try the 'MM only' approach, let me know how you get on.

Terry, East Grinstead, UK